The notion of “State religion” is often misused, leading to discrimination notably against religious minorities and political dissenters. The parameters of freedom of religion or belief are not always respected, which can be seen in terms of the relationship between States and religious institutions. On the other hand, despite its importance, secularism is occasionally misunderstood. Recent social tensions around women’s dress in public spaces, including in democracies, are a case in point. Another example is artistic expression in relation to religious topics, leading to social tensions and eventually undue restrictions of freedom of expression. The line between genuine religious pluralism and static doctrinal secularism is at times hard to establish. A case-by-case approach to reconcile competing legitimate interests is vital, especially in multi-cultural societies. The human rights standards in the area of freedom of religion or belief (in their various manifestations) provide guidance in this respect. Faith actors need to be part of this rebalancing exercise. Secularism is essential for inclusion, equality, and freedom for all.